Systems Thinking Case Study:
Systems that Grow a Nation
  • Offices of National AIDs Coordination (Couples)
  • Offices of Youth (Youth)
  • Offices of Education and Skills Development
    (Children)
  • Offices of Public Service Management
    (Public Sector and NGOs)
  • Offices of Labour (Private Sector)
  • Offices of Tribal Development
  • Offices of Family Development (New/Couple)
  • Offices of Community Development
    (New/Districts and Joint Districts)
Ministry
Stop Doing
[Do less of (-)]
Start Doing
[Do more of (+)]
Continue Doing
[No change]
Indicators of Progress
for the Ministry
Impact on other
Government spendings
Family Development
(sometimes managed as
youth / tribal development)

PERSISTENT ISSUE:
  • Growth of the core
    family unit (husband,
    wife and children) to
    create a key safety net
    at every level.

SYSTEMIC VISION:
Quality of collaboration
rather than controls exerted
by couples on each other.
ACTIONS BY:

GOVERNMENT:
  1. Food Baskets / Youth /
    Education / Farmers'
    Funds
  2. Leading citizens to
    believe that it is the
    corporate responsibility
    of the government to
    take care of the children
    of one's personal family.  
    This risks keeping
    citizens in perpetual
    child-/youth-like
    behaviours (one does
    not grow up:  [30 = 13,
    40 = 14, 50 = 15, 60=16]
    (the legal adult age for
    many countries in the
    world).  This could also
    encourage families to
    bear children without
    parents assuming any
    controls on one's actions.

CITIZENS:
  1. Encouraging young
    persons to believe that
    should they bear
    children, their parents
    (grandparents' of the
    child) would assume
    responsibility for the
    (physical, mental,
    emotional) development
    of their (grand-)children
    whilst they 'hit towns and
    cities' for sources of
    income.
  2. Families and in particular
    women believing that
    should they bear a child
    (particularly out of
    wedlock), that their
    needs in turn will be
    provided for either by
    the child's father, the
    extended family or even
    the state.
  3. Assuming when parents
    'spend money'on their
    children, this serves as a
    means of exerting
    control (physical
    intimacy) on the child's
    behaviour and on the
    other hand, an access to
    the means / wealth of
    their partner's families.  
    Same applies for
    husbands on their wife
    and vice-versa (easy
    way out!).

PRIVATE SECTOR:
-
ACTIONS BY:

GOVERNMENT:
-

CITIZENS:
  1. Support building of dual
    parent-child relations rather
    than single-headed
    households to build a strong
    "net" within the core (rather
    than the extended) family.
  2. Extended family to ensure
    biological parents rather than
    extended family members
    bring up the children
    otherwise benefits from all of
    the above is lost on the
    growing teenager (where
    feelings of belief in self is
    nurtured rather than fear of
    others).  This should not be
    subserve the needs of the
    families to protect their
    properties and wealth from
    other families.  Extended
    families to encourage young
    couple to learn to 'stand on
    their feet' and grow their own
    wealth rather than depend on
    the wealth of others.
  3. Encouraging young to work
    for the families' (rather than
    the self's) keep.
  4. Encourage stories of couples
    in success rather than
    failures.  The voice of 'the
    parent' to subserve the 'voice
    of the couple'.

PRIVATE SECTOR:
-

SOCIAL-SUPPORT SYSTEMS:
  1. Support building of parent-
    teenager relations (including  
    parenting teenage
    accountability and
    responsibility without
    imposing punishment).
  2. Support building of
    relationship between couple,
    particularly the emotional
    intimacy between the male
    and femal persons.  See
    more below on the segment
    on 'NACA'.
  See declining need for
funding of:

  • Youth empowerment
    programmes
  • Alcohol levey
  • Constitution sports
    leagues
See declining need for
funding of:

  • Policing systems
  • Tribal systems
  • Destitution programmes
National AIDs Coordination
Agency (NACA)

PERSISTENT ISSUE:
  • Wipeout of the HIV/AIDs
    infections

SYSTEMIC VISION:
Quality of collaboration
rather than controls exerted
by couples on each other.
ACTIONS BY:

GOVERNMENT:
  1. Education programmes
    on HIV as extensive as
    they are today.
    Programmes could
    become more selective
    and targetted.
  2. Need for male
    circumcision.
  3. Need for male and
    female condoms.

CITIZENS:
  1. Need for mothers to
    'control' or wield a heavy
    hand of authority on
    their sons.  Sons in turn
    wield the same heavy
    hand on their (young)
    spouse in turn creating
    the next generation of
    women when they
    become mothers  
    themselves, they learn to
    'take over the baton' and
    wield it on their sons who
    are growing up.  It is a
    never-ending cycle that
    viciously destroys all
    semblance of the core
    family unit (the father,
    mother (as partners) and
    their direct children).  
    This cycle is symbolic or
    remnants of stories of
    the 'Shaka-Zulus' and
    spells the entrenching of
    structures that build
    allegiances between & /
    or within tribes and
    eventually huge empires
    that strive to strike terror
    / induces fear in others
    as a means of protecting
    / sustaining one's way of
    life (remove the enemy
    or 'he will rise up against
    you' - ubiquitiously
    expressed as the
    'African culture') -   
    Preserver of the self /
    survival of the fittest!  
    Increased fear of
    others.  Reduced belief
    in the self and others.  
    Hatred for and seeking
    revenge against others.  
    These ideas counter
    (anti-thesis) notions
    such as shared vision,
    team learning, personal
    mastery, mental models
    and systemic thinking.
  2. The voice of 'the parent'
    (authority, teacher)
    within us.  To increase
    rather, the voice of the
    couple (as partners
    particularly with the
    opposite gender and is
    not one's blood relation
    as such a relation is the
    hardest to develop)
    within us.  The latter is
    harder to do.  The
    former is an 'easy way
    out'!
  3. Encouraging women to
    "be the heads" (of
    anything) - "if the man
    can do it, the woman can
    do it too" cliches or that
    a woman particularly the
    mother wields 'her
    power' or need to
    overcome others
    through exerting the
    'physical strength' of her
    son.Downplaying any
    particular gender as 'the
    head of the household'
    (this is the voice of the
    mother of the son
    speaking, through whom
    she exerts her control on
    other families).
  4. Assuming when parents
    'spend money'on their
    children, this serves as a
    means of exerting
    control (physical
    intimacy) on the child's
    behaviour and on the
    other hand, an access to
    the means / wealth of
    their partner's families.  
    Same applies for
    husbands on their wife
    and vice-versa (easy
    way out!).
  5. Families and in particular
    women believing that
    should they bear a child
    (particularly out of
    wedlock), that their
    needs in turn will be
    provided for either by
    the child's father, the
    extended family or even
    the state.
  6. Encouraging the alpha-
    male (all consuming
    male-centred) behaviour.
  7. Discouraging couples
    behaving emotional
    intimacy (of course
    limiting overt sexual)
    intimacy) in public.  Not
    discouraging the act
    becomes a more sign of
    matured outlook on
    couple behaviour.

PRIVATE SECTOR:
  1. Encouraging sexual
    overtones in interactions
    over the public space
    either in public or
    privately or for
    commercial reasons (to
    hype up business or
    media activities).
ACTIONS BY:

GOVERNMENT:
-

CITIZENS:
  1. Support the building of
    relations between couple.
    The couple learns what it
    takes to build emotional
    rather than physical or
    material or sexual intimacy.
  2. Elders leading by example.  
    Elders to focus on leading
    their own successful married
    lives themselves (till death do
    us part) if they are to help set
    examples for their children
    rather than believe in talking
    'at them' about what are
    'correct' behaviours.
  3. Extended family to ensure
    biological parents rather than
    extended family members
    bring up the children
    otherwise benefits from all of
    the above is lost on the
    growing teenager.  This
    should not be subserve the
    needs of the families to
    protect their properties and
    wealth from other families.  
    Extended families to
    encourage young couple to
    learn to 'stand on their feet'
    and grow their own wealth
    rather than depend on the
    wealth of others.
  4. Encouraging young to work
    for the families' (rather than
    the self's) keep.
  5. Encourage stories of couples
    who are successful in
    developing their relationship
    rather than stories of failures
    (in the media).
  6. The voice of 'the parent' to
    subserve the 'voice of the
    couple'.

PRIVATE SECTOR:
-

SOCIAL SUPPORT SYSTEMS:
  1. Use of media (auditory and
    visual) to dispel myths
    genders have about each
    other and to encourage
    populace to trace the origins
    of the myths.
  2. Share stories nation-wide to
    learn from couples who have
    made it successful at staying
    married.  Be subtle with the
    strategy.  No loudhailing.
  3. Support building of
    relationship between couple,
    particularly the emotional
    intimacy between the male
    and femal persons.  


For ways men and women may
build relations with each other:
click
here.
  See declining need for
funding of:

  • ARVs
  • National / district-level
    counter measures for
    HIV/AIDs
See declining need for
funding of:

  • Investments in HIV/AIDs
    counter-measures in the
    public-sector
    organizations
  • Land / utility
    infrastructure usage and
    servicing needs per
    person (as citizens learn
    to share households,
    utilities)

See increasing need for
secular (as opposed to
religious / traditional)
support for building
relations between:
  • Couples
  • Parents and children
Labour

PERSISTENT ISSUE:
  • Level of disputes
    between labour and
    management in the
    private sector

SYSTEMIC VISION:
Quality of collaboration
rather than controls exerted
by management and staff
on each other.
ACTIONS BY:

GOVERNMENT:
  1. Dispute resolution

CITIZENS:

PRIVATE SECTOR:
  1. For markets to grow,
    locals to overcome levels
    of mistrust it holds for
    foreigners (in the
    grocery, construction
    and textile industries)
    To do so, locals also
    learn to appreciate the
    (differences) in the ways
    of seeing and thinking by
    the foreigners.
ACTIONS BY:

GOVERNMENT:
  1. Fostering ways labour and
    management sees challenges
    and the opportunities
    systemically so as to "grow
    the economy", the less the
    department needs to be in
    fire-fighting mode to resolve
    labour disputes.
  2. Help labour appreciate
    "Where does their salary
    come from?":  That "Salary <>
    Revenue" but "Salary =
    Revenue - Cost"
  3. Foster systemic development
    of industries - encourage
    industries to appreciate the
    upstream and downstream
    applications of their industry.
  4. Encourage protection of
    greens (that increases rainfall
    and reduces aridness) in the
    region and development of
    raw materials, making the
    local economy increasingly
    productive.

CITIZENS:

PRIVATE SECTOR:
  1. Locals grow to become
    investors (FDIs) of other
    countries.
  See declining need for
funding of:

  • Labour dispute
    resolution units
See declining need for
funding of:

  • Industrial Relations
    Court and related arms
    of the judicial systems
    including those in the
    private sector


See inclining need for
funding of:

  • Step 1: Systemic
    greening of the country
  • Step 2:  Production of
    raw materials within the
    country
  • Step 3:  Discussions by
    private sector on
    systemic growth of
    industries
Labour

PERSISTENT ISSUE:

SYSTEMIC VISION:
Helping the ones who
created the problem to
appreciate the problem
systemically (as a whole)
ACTIONS BY:

GOVERNMENT:
  1. Discourage youth
    entrepreneurship to a
    point of exclusion of
    other groups / sectors –  
    encourage the youths
    instead to work with
    adults rather than pit
    them against each other
  2. Discourage public sector
    capital investment in the
    private sector (over time)
  3. Discourage reliance on
    foreign capital
    investments (over time)

CITIZENS:
  1. Discourage “what if /
    safety net” mentality
  2. Discourage the
    development of
    extended families
  3. Discourage men
    attempting to lead
    women in different
    families (sisters,
    mothers, relations, non-
    relations, etc.).  Let their
    men learn to lead their
    own families, even if they
    are not successful
    (encourage them to
    keep trying)
  4. Over-involvement of
    mothers, sisters,
    politicians in their
    brothers’ lives (don't
    push it – but notice it)

PRIVATE SECTOR:
  1. Random investment of
    industries
  2. Discourage investing in
    subsequent industries
    (tertiary) without
    developing earlier ones
    (primary and secondary)
    within the country
ACTIONS BY:

GOVERNMENT:
  1. Encourage youth to stay in
    school (15-21) and
    apprenticeship (22-29) before
    venturing out on their own
    (beyond 30s)
  2. Encourage use of land for
    raw material production for
    primary industries for use in
    secondary industries (added
    benefit of greening the
    country and encouraging
    rainfalls (investments in crop
    rather than pastoral / wildlife
    activities) – to encourage
    males to lead this
  3. Encourage locals / citizens
    (not foreign) capital
    investments (start small and it
    will grow over time)

CITIZENS:
  1. Let families see and
    understand these realities
    with the government and
    country – share the trends
    with them
  2. Encourage the development
    of core families.  Women to
    learn to ease up and let men
    learn to lead today.  Men
    needs to be allowed to learn
    how to lead (by themselves -
    not by other men or mothers)
  3. Encourage “what could be /
    the potential or possibilities”
    mentality at all levels
  4. Assist couples in public
    domains to appreciate the
    distinctions in emotional
    needs by gender types.  
    Letting couples have the time
    and space beyond being
    sexually intimate to build  
    emotional intimacies between
    them
  5. Families to encourage men  
    (their sons) to 'leave their
    nests' and lead their own
    families - not lead daughter-in-
    laws into one's (matriarchal)
    family.

PRIVATE SECTOR:
  1. Systemic development of
    industries (primary 
    secondary  tertiary)
  2. Foster skills development of
    young males in private sector
    and particularly in rural
    developments: (rurals) For
    primary industries, e.g. crop
    farming, fishing and forestry
    (urban) For secondary
    industries, i.e. to process and
    manufacture using raw
    materials from primary
    industries
  3. Directory of mentors and
    experts by sector to facilitate
    individual choices.
  See declining need for
funding of:

  • Youth entrepreneurship
    programmes
  • Gender (economic)
    development
    programmes
See declining need for
funding of:

  • Need for attracting
    foreign investments
  • Public sector funding in
    private sector
    development
  • Entrepreneurship
    development
    programmes
Youth Development

PERSISTENT ISSUE:
  • Willingness of youths to
    "grow up" emotionally
    into wanting to become
    adults to serve the
    needs beyond self to
    include others.

SYSTEMIC VISION:
Quality of collaboration
rather than controls exerted
by parents, teachers,
government, society and
the youths on each other.
ACTIONS BY:

GOVERNMENT:
  1. Perception that the
    Ministry needs to ensure
    the youths are ‘provided
    for / parented / mothered
    / fathered’ well
  2. That we assume the
    main potential of youths
    is to be in employment
    for economic reasons.  
    We assume such things.  
    We do not really know
    for sure if that is the only
    thing that they want,
    unless we ask them.  
    Testing one as adults,
    allows them to grow up
    and behave as adults
    themselves.

CITIZENS:
-

PRIVATE SECTOR:
-
ACTIONS BY:

GOVERNMENT:
  1. Is this a Ministry of Youth or
    Ministry of Community
    Development?

CITIZENS:
  1. The quality of relations adults
    have with each other impacts
    the quality of relations youths
    enjoy as adults when they
    become older (they emulate
    their parents).  The ways of
    lives of the adults influence
    the next generation in
    creating a way of life as
    youths that eventually leads
    them to recreating the very
    same lifes as adults they saw
    in their parents, in the next
    generation. Else we risk
    genders harbouring and
    turning negative emotions on
    each other.
  2. Individuals / youths grow up
    to restore balance of all ages.

PRIVATE SECTOR:
-
  See declining need for
funding of:
See declining need for
funding of:



See inclining need for
funding of:
Education and Skills
Development

PERSISTENT ISSUE:
  • Level of learning
    (presented non-
    systemically as
    education)

SYSTEMIC VISION:
Quality of collaboration
rather than controls exerted
by teachers and students
on each other.
ACTIONS BY:

GOVERNMENT:
  1. Education
  2. Teaching
  3. Funding / sponsorsip for
    students
  4. Use of punitive
    measures from ages of
    young adults onwards
    (from teenage years)
  5. That children can learn
    from the adults but they
    cannot teach us.  We
    learn from our past when
    we are young.  We live in
    the present in our
    youth.  And we learn
    from our future in our
    children in our
    adulthood!  The quest of
    learning is kept
    continuously alive in
    living through these
    thhree different frames.  
    Keeping our children in
    our past, “kills” the quest
    for learning.

CITIZENS:
  1. Emphasizing the part
    ‘that is half-empty’ rather
    than the part that is ‘half-
    filled’.  Focusing on the
    part that is not working,
    and reminding the child
    why he/she is not good
    enough rather than
    belief in oneself.  An
    angry child compensates
    the lack of self-beliefs by
    assuming over-riding
    beliefs that money is
    everything and while
    people may not respect
    oneself, they would
    respect the person who
    has money!  This child
    grows up ignoring or
    disrespecting others and
    the whole and works at
    any cost to make quick
    wins and monetary gains
    (this comes close to
    stealing).

PRIVATE SECTOR:
  1. Relying on government
    to keep private sector
    schools open for
    business.
ACTIONS BY:

GOVERNMENT:
  1. Shaping the capacity for
    accountability and
    responsibility at all levels by
    students and not limited to
    students only (including
    parents and the community)
  2. Building the community's
    involvement (led by parents)
    in the child's learning.
  3. Learning thrives at the higher
    levels (self-esteem/self-
    actualization needs) of
    Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs.
  4. Tertiary Education:  Building
    systemic (circular causality)
    awareness of interrelations
    (in space and time) as
    opposed to linear causality-
    based curriculum subjects.

CITIZENS:
  1. Homes:  Parents exhibiting
    tendencies of being on a
    learning journey themselves
    (asking questions and
    learning answers from the
    child) and not suggest that as
    an adult one has arrived.  
    This allows the parents to
    ‘feed the child’ but ‘also
    keeps him/her hungry’ on the
    quest for learning.
  2. Parent encouraging
    themselves and their children
    to sponsor one's education
    through life.

PRIVATE SECTOR:
  1. Fostering the spirit of learning
    / facilitation / hunger for
    learning
  2. Schools:  Teacher is a
    Facilitator and the focus of
    learning is on the child
    focused on the needs of that
    child
  3. Organizations:  Creating
    leaders who are stewards,
    inquiring and building
    systemic awareness of the
    realities one is facing and
    encouraging inquiry and
    clarifying one’s personal
    aspirations therefore learning
    at the workplace that help
    create results that really
    matter.
Co-development of
curriculum with
students and
community
See declining need for
funding of:

  • Sponsorship of students
  • Maintenance and
    development of
    education infrastructure
See declining need for
funding of:

  • Crime, alcohol, drug
    addiction control units
  • Judicial systems

See inclining need for
funding of:
  • Professorships and
    research (deepening
    one's expertise in
    chosen field of teaching)
  • Doctorships
Public Service Management

PERSISTENT ISSUE:
  • Level of disputes
    between officers and
    management in the
    public sector

SYSTEMIC VISION:
Quality of collaboration
(rather than controls
exerted) by management
and staff on each other.
ACTIONS BY:

GOVERNMENT:
  1. Needing to establish
    significance of hierarchy
    and authority
  2. Need for punitive
    systems (carrot and the
    stick)
  3. Needing for monitoring
    and evaluation systems
    or emphasis on HR
    systems and practices
  4. Needing to defend the
    sector against the unions
  5. Management of public
    service officers
  6. Needing to retain or
    recruit staff.
  7. Putting all "the eggs" in
    one basket and harping
    on "the few good ones"
    to pull all of the
    (thinking) through.  The
    rest would follow what we
    want/ thinking and gets
    the job done as told!
  8. Assuming people do not
    like to be told what to
    do.  This reinforces the
    belief that when we tell
    them what to do, and
    accompany them with
    "carrots and sticks" the
    job will get done!
  9. Overemphasizing the
    need for individuals to
    'behave by standards
    prescribed as desirable
    for organizations to
    function together (like
    clockwork)' rather then
    learning to appreciate
    the causes why
    individuals are neither
    learning to achieve nor
    exceed the standards by
    him/herself.
  10. Allowing oneself (DPSM)
    to (be led to) assume a
    'parent/child' stance
    within the ways one
    'manage' the public
    sector officers.  The
    more the management
    acts as a 'parent' the
    more officers behave as
    a 'child'.
  11. Play up standard
    HRM/HRD practices (see
    inner part of loop) that
    reinforces individualism
    and discourages lateral
    conversations.
  12. Significance of
    leadership for
    stewardship.

CITIZENS:

PRIVATE SECTOR:
ACTIONS BY:

GOVERNMENT:
  1. Consider developing
    stewardship in leadership that
    naturally engenders
    individuals to turn to each
    other rather than only with the
    leader in building quality
    collective thinking and actions
    and therefore learn to
    become a productive
    workforce.
  2. Individuals learning to lead
    themselves without being led
    by others.  This leads
    individuals to watch for
    interrelatedness of issues
    which require individuals
    improve the quality of
    listening and inquiry amongst
    each other.
  3. The time is best used by
    paying attention to  quality of
    conversations, aspirations
    and clarity of understanding
    complexities at the
    workplace.  This would help
    shift the responsibility of
    creating quality work/force to
    the officers themselves.  
    Working with forces that see
    staff wanting to retain
    themselves because of
    seeing the pride in
    contributing to the nation and
    seeing the nation grow.  This
    makes the public sector more  
    attractive to new recruits and
    seeing remuneration levels
    grow without demanding for it.
    Encourage quality of
    conversations (asking of
    questions or clarifying one's
    ways of thinking) that help
    individuals become clearer of
    their current realities (why
    things happen the way they
    do).
  4. This allows them to eventually
    clarify and deepen their
    personal visions, a stepping
    stone towards creating
    shared visions for the public
    sector.
  5. Building capacity of public
    sector organizations to build
    shared visions and
    collaborations within their
    organizsation and across the
    country.
  6. Not to ignore the effects and
    experiences at childhood in
    schools and in the families
    have an impact of quality of
    work and the workforce at the
    workplace later in their lives.
  7. The clearer are those visions,
    the greater would be the
    levels of commitment
    individuals exercise on their
    jobs.
  8. Explore and share
    conversations on the outer
    loop that help individuals
    identify their realities at the
    workplace and the purpose /
    reason / causes for their
    existence.
  9. Play up aspects of the loop
    that are not encouraged
    today such as inviting
    individuals to ask questions
    (not just of management but
    more so) with each other,
    building conversations to
    clarify and deepen their
    current and future realities
    and eventually helping
    organizations build shared
    visions (sharing the KSLs of
    their respective organizations
    with other organizations).

CITIZENS:

PRIVATE SECTOR:
  1. Building a stronger private
    sector that see the need for
    fewer persons needing to
    want a job in the public-sector.
  See declining need for
funding of:

  • Public sector employees
    at  rates faster than the
    country (re)gains its
    margins.
  • Monitoring and
    evaluation system (at
    expanding rates)
See declining need for
funding of:

  • Growing public sector
    organizations at the
    expense of the private
    sector
(NACA) National AIDs
Coordination Agency (+)
Labour  
Department (+)
Couple
Development (+)
Public Service
Management (
-)
Tribal Administration
(-)
PARADIGM  SHIFTS:  SHIFTING AUTHORITATIVE TO. COLLABORATIVE STANCE

STRATEGY:  LEADERSHIP IS LEARNING TO "LET GO" OF CONTROLS AND CITIZENS ARE
LEARNING SYSTEMIC IMPACTS OF INTERDEPENDENCE & FOSTERING COLLABORATION
Parent
Development (+)
Parent-Child
Development (+)
Education & Skills
Development (+)
SYSTEMIC SHIFTS REQUIRED OF BY MINISTRIES' MANDATES IN THIS LOOP
Building quality of relations BY HUMANS WITH ONESELF AND EACH OTHER WITHIN AND BEYOND THE FAMILY &  ORGANIZATIONS
SEEING QUALITY OF RELATIONSHIPS
SEEING SYSTEMIC GROWTH
OF ORGANIZED UNITS /
FUNCTIONS / ALL IN THE COUNTRY
LOOP 1